How headlights got brighter, whiter, and more blinding after dark
摘要
现代汽车前照灯正变得越来越亮、越来越白，夜间会车时刺眼眩光问题日益突出。文章指出，这并非单纯因驾驶员滥用远光灯，而是车灯技术升级带来的复杂结果。从早期马车油灯到现代高亮度LED灯，照明效率大幅提升，但高色温冷白光也加剧了人眼不适感。文章探讨了这一“流明军备竞赛”背后的技术演进与安全隐患，并引用相关讨论，分析眩光对夜间驾驶的影响及公众反馈。
Every so often, I’ll be piloting some sensor-laden, software-defined press car down a dark stretch of highway when an oncoming driver’s high beams arrive like a targeted retinal strike, an involuntary reminder that modern automotive lighting has entered its own lumen arms race.
Anyone who has driven at night in the last few years knows what I'm talking about: A modern crossover crests a hill in the opposite lane, and the cabin briefly fills with enough cold-white light to suggest a police helicopter has joined traffic. The obvious assumption is that drivers are simply leaving their high beams on more often, but the reality is more complicated.
An old problem
Before cars became the modern mode of transportation, horse-drawn carriages used oil lanterns to light the way, as roads were largely unlit outside of towns and cities. These lanterns weren’t particularly bright, though, meaning that after-dark collisions and near-misses were common.
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