Microsoft, Atom Computing, EeroQ update their quantum computing progress
摘要
微软、Atom Computing和EeroQ近期发布了量子计算技术进展报告。微软专注于拓扑量子比特研究，基于超导导线与半导体结合的系统，利用未配对电子的非局域化特性。这些成果并非重大突破，但代表了推动量子计算走向实用化所必需的渐进式进展。
With dozens of companies, from small startups to tech giants, pursuing quantum computing, there's a steady flow of results as they try to find a path to utility. We typically focus on new technologies and major landmarks, which can obscure the fact that any big success will inevitably have been built on a lot of incremental progress.
The past few weeks have seen a number of companies release progress reports on how they're trying to get the technologies closer to general use. None of these represents a major breakthrough, but all are absolutely necessary for the technology to advance. The idea here is to convey the hard work required to move us closer to something useful.
Microsoft does material science
Microsoft is one of the few companies working on topological qubits, based on the distinct physics that occurs when particles are confined. Microsoft's system relies on a thin superconducting wire placed on top of a semiconductor. In superconductors, groups of two electrons form Cooper pairs. But if the wire contains an odd number of conducting electrons—meaning there's a single unpaired electron—it will end up delocalized to both ends of the wire. (Because quantum mechanics is weird.)
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